The Royal Thai Government recognizes that landmines and unexploded ordnance (UXO) are a major obstacle to development and economic growth in rural border commmunities. The Royal Thai Army and Navy have been conducting demining operations in areas along the borders since 1987.

Royal Thai Government signed the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production, and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines in Ottawa on 3 December 1997. Thailand deposited its ratification instrument at the United Nations on 27 November 1998, the first nation in Southeast Asia to do so.

A National Committee for Anti-Personnel Management was appointed in 1998 to address the landmine issue under the direction of the Prime Minister (Order No. 151/1998). In year 2000, the Prime Minister established the National Committee for Humanitarian Mine Action superceding the earlier committee (Order No.15/2000). This new committee is chaired by the Prime Minister and its members include representatives of all major Ministries and Departments of the Royal Thai Government.

Specific duties of National Committee include:
Coordination of national and international support for demining activities;
Dissemination of information about the threat posed by landmines and the progress made to remove that threat; and
provide a safe environment to those people affected by anti-personnel landmines;

NMAC is responsible for monitoring Thailand's progress toward implementing its obligation as a signatory of the Ottawa Landmine Ban Treaty, including:
Implementation of the law prohibiting the use of anti-personnel landmines;
Implementation of demining operations;
Establishing the minimum quantity of anti-personnel landmines to remain in Thailand for education and demining purposes; and the destruction of all anti-personnel landmine stocks in excess of this established minimum.

The Thailand Mine Action Center (TMAC) was established in January 1999 to function as the central coordination agency for all landmine issues and operations in Thailand. The mission of TMAC is to coordinate, monitor and implement Mine Clearance, Landmine / UXO Survey, Mine Awareness and Victim Assistance activities thoughout Thailand. TMAC is also responsible for establishing a programme to meet Thailand's obligations as a signatory to the Ottawa Treaty. TMAC operates under the royal patronage of Her Royal Highness Princess Galyani Vadhana Krom Lung Naradhiwas Rajnagarindra

TMAC offices are located at the Supreme Command Headquarters in Don Muang, near the international airport.

Three Humanitarian Mine Action Units (HMAU) conduct demining operations along the Cambodia-Thailand border and one HMAU along the Laos-Thailand border:

HMAU-1 Burapha Task Force, responsible for Sa kaeo province
HMAU-2 Chantaburi-Trat Marine Task Force, responsible for Chantaburi and Trat provinces
HMAU-3 Suranaree Task Force, responsible for Buriram, Surin,   Si Saket and Ubon Ratchatani provinces
HMAU-4 Phamuang Task Force, responsible for Phitsanulok, Phetchabun, Uttaradit, Nan, and Phayao provinces

Three educational programs have been established:
Demining School - located in Ratchaburi province
Mine Dog Training School - located in Nakhorn Ratchasima province
Mine Awareness School - located in Lopburi province